Sennosides

Pronunciation: SEN-oh-sides
Generic Name: Sennosides
Brand Name: Examples include Senna-Lax and Senokot

Sennosides is used for:

Treating constipation.

Sennosides is a stimulant laxative. It works by irritating bowel tissues, resulting in bowel movements.

Do NOT use Sennosides if:

• you are allergic to any ingredient in Sennosides


• you have had recent abdominal surgery or require immediate abdominal surgery


• you have appendicitis; bleeding of the stomach, intestine, or rectum; or an obstruction in your intestines (fecal impaction)

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Sennosides:

Some medical conditions may interact with Sennosides. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

• if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding


• if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement


• if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances


• if you have congestive heart failure, you are experiencing nausea or vomiting, or you have undiagnosed stomach pain

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Sennosides. However, no specific interactions with Sennosides are known at this time.

Ask your health care provider if Sennosides may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Sennosides:

Use Sennosides as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Take Sennosides by mouth with or without food.


• Take Sennosides with a full glass of water (8 oz/240 mL). Drink extra fluids while you are taking Sennosides, unless instructed differently by your doctor.


• It is best to take Sennosides at bedtime.


• If you miss a dose of Sennosides, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Sennosides.

Important safety information:

• A bowel movement usually occurs in 6 to 12 hours.


• Do not use for longer than 1 week without checking with your doctor.


• Using Sennosides for a long time may result in loss of normal bowel function.


• Do not take additional laxatives or stool softeners with Sennosides unless directed by your doctor.


• If you notice a sudden change in bowel habits that lasts for 2 weeks or more, stop using Sennosides and check with your doctor.


• Sennosides may discolor the urine pink to red, or yellow to brown.


• Sennosides should be used with extreme caution in CHILDREN younger than 6 years old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.


• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Sennosides while you are pregnant. It is not known if Sennosides is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Sennosides, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.

Overuse of laxatives can lead to a DEPENDENCE on laxatives to have a bowel movement. In severe overuse cases, some laxatives have caused damage to the intestines and bowel.

Possible side effects of Sennosides:

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Abdominal discomfort or cramping; diarrhea; nausea.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); kidney inflammation; poor bowel function; rectal bleeding.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

See also: Sennosides side effects (in more detail)

If OVERDOSE is suspected:

Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately.

Proper storage of Sennosides:

Store Sennosides at room temperature, between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Keep Sennosides out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:

• If you have any questions about Sennosides, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.


• Sennosides is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.


• If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.


• Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Sennosides. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

Issue Date: February 1, 2012

Database Edition 12.1.1.002

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

More Sennosides resources

• Sennosides Side Effects (in more detail)
• Sennosides Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Drug Images
• Sennosides Drug Interactions
• Sennosides Support Group
• 6 Reviews for Sennosides - Add your own review/rating

• Senna Natural MedFacts for Professionals (Wolters Kluwer)


• Senna Natural MedFacts for Consumers (Wolters Kluwer)


• Senna Monograph (AHFS DI)


• Senna Professional Patient Advice (Wolters Kluwer)


• Black Draught Concise Consumer Information (Cerner Multum)


• Dosaflex Concise Consumer Information (Cerner Multum)

Compare Sennosides with other medications

• Bowel Preparation
• Constipation

Cefprozil Suspension

Pronunciation: sef-PROE-zil
Generic Name: Cefprozil
Brand Name: Generic only. No brands available.

Cefprozil Suspension is used for:

Treating mild to moderate infections caused by certain bacteria.

Cefprozil Suspension is a cephalosporin antibiotic. It works by interfering with the formation of the bacteria's cell wall while it is growing. This causes the cell wall to be destroyed and kills the bacteria.

Do NOT use Cefprozil Suspension if:

• you are allergic to any ingredient in Cefprozil Suspension or to any other cephalosporin antibiotic (eg, cephalexin)

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Cefprozil Suspension:

Some medical conditions may interact with Cefprozil Suspension. Tell your health care provider if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

• if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding


• if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement


• if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances


• if you have had a severe allergic reaction (eg, severe rash, hives, difficulty breathing, dizziness) to a penicillin antibiotic (eg, amoxicillin) or other beta-lactam antibiotic (eg, imipenem)


• if you have phenylketonuria (PKU), because Cefprozil Suspension contains phenylalanine


• if you have diabetes, liver or kidney problems, or a blood clotting disorder


• if you have or have a history of stomach disease, stomach infection, diarrhea, or colitis

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Cefprozil Suspension. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:

• Aminoglycoside antibiotics (eg, gentamicin) because the risk of their side effects on the kidney may be increased by Cefprozil Suspension

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Cefprozil Suspension may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Cefprozil Suspension:

Use Cefprozil Suspension as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Take Cefprozil Suspension by mouth with or without food. If stomach upset occurs, take with food to reduce stomach irritation.


• Cefprozil Suspension works best if it is taken at the same time each day.


• To clear up your infection completely, take Cefprozil Suspension for the full course of treatment. Keep taking it even if you feel better in a few days.


• Shake well before each use. Use a measuring device marked for medicine dosing. Ask your pharmacist for help if you are unsure of how to measure your dose.


• If you miss a dose of Cefprozil Suspension, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Cefprozil Suspension.

Important safety information:

• Cefprozil Suspension may cause dizziness. This effect may be worse if you take it with alcohol or certain medicines. Use Cefprozil Suspension with caution. Do not drive or perform other possibly unsafe tasks until you know how you react to it.


• Mild diarrhea is common with antibiotic use. However, a more serious form of diarrhea (pseudomembranous colitis) may rarely occur. This may develop while you use the antibiotic or within several months after you stop using it. Contact your doctor right away if stomach pain or cramps, severe diarrhea, or bloody stools occur. Do not treat diarrhea without first checking with your doctor.


• Cefprozil Suspension only works against bacteria; it does not treat viral infections (eg, the common cold).


• Be sure to use Cefprozil Suspension for the full course of treatment. If you do not, the medicine may not clear up your infection completely. The bacteria could also become less sensitive to this or other medicines. This could make the infection harder to treat in the future.


• Long-term or repeated use of Cefprozil Suspension may cause a second infection. Tell your doctor if signs of a second infection occur. Your medicine may need to be changed to treat this.


• Phenylketonuric patients - Cefprozil Suspension contains phenylalanine.


• Diabetes patients - Cefprozil Suspension may cause the results of some tests for urine glucose to be wrong. Ask your doctor before you change your diet or the dose of your diabetes medicine.


• Cefprozil Suspension should not be used in CHILDREN younger than 6 months old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.


• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Cefprozil Suspension while you are pregnant. Cefprozil Suspension is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Cefprozil Suspension, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.

Possible side effects of Cefprozil Suspension:

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Dizziness; headache; itching in the genital area; mild diarrhea; nausea; stomach pain; tiredness; vomiting.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); bloody stools; severe diarrhea; severe stomach pain or cramps; vaginal irritation or discharge; yellowing of the skin or eyes.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

See also: Cefprozil side effects (in more detail)

If OVERDOSE is suspected:

Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include muscle spasms; seizures.

Proper storage of Cefprozil Suspension:

Before it is mixed, store Cefprozil Suspension at room temperature between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. After mixing, store in a refrigerator and throw unused medicine away after 14 days. Keep Cefprozil Suspension out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:

• If you have any questions about Cefprozil Suspension, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.


• Cefprozil Suspension is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.


• If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.


• Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Cefprozil Suspension. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

Issue Date: February 1, 2012

Database Edition 12.1.1.002

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

More Cefprozil resources

• Cefprozil Side Effects (in more detail)
• Cefprozil Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Drug Images
• Cefprozil Drug Interactions
• Cefprozil Support Group
• 10 Reviews for Cefprozil - Add your own review/rating

Compare Cefprozil with other medications

• Bladder Infection
• Bronchitis
• Kidney Infections
• Otitis Media
• Pneumonia
• Sinusitis
• Skin Infection
• Tonsillitis/Pharyngitis
• Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Betnovate RD Ointment

Betnovate RD Ointment

betamethasone valerate

Read all of this leaflet carefully before you start using this medicine.

• Keep this leaflet. You may need to read it again.


• If you have any further questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.


• This medicine has been prescribed for you. Do not pass it on to others. It may harm them, even if their symptoms are the same as yours.


• If any of the side effects gets serious, or if you notice any side effects not listed in this leaflet, please tell your doctor or pharmacist.

In this leaflet:

• 
  1 What Betnovate RD is and what it is used for


• 
  2 Before you use Betnovate RD


• 
  3 How to use Betnovate RD


• 
  4 Possible side effects


• 
  5 How to store Betnovate RD


• 
  6 Further information

What Betnovate RD is and what it is used for

Betnovate RD contains a medicine called betamethasone valerate. It belongs to a group of medicines called steroids. It helps to reduce swelling and irritation.

Betnovate RD is used to help reduce the redness and itchiness of certain skin problems, such as eczema, psoriasis and dermatitis.

RD stands for 'Ready Diluted', it contains less active ingredient than Betnovate. It is used:

• for milder skin problems, or


• to keep your skin problem under control after Betnovate has improved it.

Before you use Betnovate RD

Do not use Betnovate RD:

• if you are allergic (hypersensitive) to betamethasone valerate or any of the other ingredients of Betnovate RD (listed in Section 6)


• on a child under 1 year


• to treat any of the following skin problems, it could make them worse:
  
  
  • acne
  • severe flushing of skin on and around your nose (rosacea)
  • spotty red rash around your mouth (perioral dermatitis)
  • itching around your back passage or private parts - unless your doctor has told you to do so
  • viral infections, such as cold sores, herpes or chicken pox
  • fungal infections, such as ringworm, athletes foot or thrush
  • skin blisters or sores that are caused by bacterial infections, such as impetigo.

Do not use if any of the above apply to you. If you are not sure, talk to your doctor or pharmacist before using Betnovate RD.

Take special care with Betnovate RD

Check with your doctor or pharmacist before using your medicine if:

• you are applying the ointment under an airtight dressing, including a child's nappy. These dressings make it easier for the active ingredient to pass through the skin. It is possible to accidentally end up using too much.


• you have psoriasis, your doctor will want to see you more often.

Pregnancy and breast-feeding

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before using this medicine if you are pregnant, might become pregnant or are breast-feeding.

How to use Betnovate RD

Always use Betnovate RD exactly as your doctor has told you. You should check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure.

Using this medicine

• You usually apply Betnovate RD 2 or 3 times a day. This may be reduced as your skin begins to get better.


• This ointment is for use on your skin only.


• Do not use more than the amount prescribed for you.


• Do not use on large areas of the body for a long time (such as every day for many weeks or months) - unless your doctor tells you to.


• The germs that cause infections like warm, moist conditions under bandages or dressings so always clean the skin before a fresh dressing is put on.


• If you are applying the ointment on someone else make sure you wash your hands after use or wear disposable plastic gloves.


• If your skin problem does not improve in 2 to 4 weeks, talk to your doctor.

Guidance on how to apply the ointment

• 
  1 Wash your hands.


• 
  2 Gently rub the correct amount of ointment into the skin until it has all disappeared. You can measure how much Betnovate RD to use with your fingertip. This picture shows one fingertip unit.

• 
  3 Unless you are meant to apply the ointment to your hands as a part of the treatment, wash them again after using the ointment.

For an adult

You should find that:

• two fingertips of ointment will cover both hands or one foot


• three fingertips of ointment will cover one arm


• six fingertips of ointment will cover one leg


• fourteen fingertips of ointment will cover the front and back of the body.

Do not worry if you find you need a little more or a little less than this. It is only a rough guide.

For a child

• Do not use it on children under 1 year of age.


• The smaller the child the less you will need to use.


• A child of 4 years needs about a third of the adult amount.


• A course of treatment for a child should not normally last more than 5 days - unless your doctor has told you to use it for longer.

If you have psoriasis

If you have thick patches of psoriasis on your elbows or knees, your doctor may suggest applying the ointment under an airtight dressing. It will only be at night to help the ointment to start working. After a short period of time you will then apply the ointment as normal.

If you apply the Betnovate RD to your face

You should only apply the ointment to your face if your doctor tells you to. It should not be used for more than 5 days, as the skin on your face thins easily. Do not let the ointment get into your eyes.

If you use more Betnovate RD than you should

If, by mistake on a few occasions you use more than you should, do not worry. If you apply a lot or a lot is accidentally swallowed, it could make you ill. Talk to your doctor or go to the hospital as soon as possible.

If you forget to use Betnovate RD

If you forget to apply your ointment, apply it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time you are next meant to apply it, wait until this time.

If you stop using Betnovate RD

If you use Betnovate RD regularly make sure you talk to your doctor before you stop using it.

If you have any further questions on the use of this product, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Possible side effects

Like all medicines, Betnovate RD can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.

Stop using Betnovate RD and tell your doctor as soon as possible if:

• you find that your skin condition gets worse or becomes swollen during treatment. You may be allergic to the Betnovate RD, have an infection or need other treatment.


• you have psoriasis you may get raised bumps with pus under the skin. This can happen very rarely during or after treatment and is known as pustular psoriasis.

Other side effects you may notice when using Betnovate RD include:

Common (affects less than 1 in 10 people)

• a feeling of burning, irritation or itching where the ointment is applied.

Side effects if you use Betnovate RD for a long time, you use a lot each time you apply it, or you apply it under an airtight dressing:

Very rare (affects less than 1 in 10,000 people)

• stretch marks may develop


• veins under the surface of your skin may become more noticeable


• increased hair growth and changes in skin colour


• thinning of your skin and it may also damage more easily


• weight gain, rounding of the face and high blood pressure. These are more likely to happen in infants and children.

If any of the side effects gets serious, or if you notice any side effects not listed in this leaflet, please tell your doctor or pharmacist.

How to store Betnovate RD

• Keep out of the reach and sight of children.


• Do not use Betnovate RD after the expiry date on the tube end or carton (Exp). The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.


• Do not store above 30°C.


• Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines no longer required. These measures will help protect the environment.

Further information

What Betnovate RD ointment contains

• The active ingredient is betamethasone valerate. Each 1 g contains 0.25 mg of betamethasone (0.025% w/w) as valerate.


• The other ingredients are liquid paraffin and white soft paraffin.

What Betnovate RD looks like and contents of the pack

Within each carton is a tube with a plastic screw cap, which contains 100 g of ointment.

Marketing Authorisation Holder and Manufacturer

Product Licence held by

GlaxoSmithKline UK

Stockley Park West

Uxbridge

Middlesex

UB11 1BT

Manufactured by

Glaxo Wellcome Operations

Barnard Castle

Durham

DL12 8DT

If you have any questions or are not sure about anything, ask your doctor or pharmacist who will advise you. Other sources of information are:

National Eczema Society

Hill House

Highgate Hill

London

N19 5NA

The Psoriasis Association

2 Queensbridge

Northampton

NN4 7BF

You may also be able to find out more from books in public libraries.

Other formats:

To listen to or request a copy of this leaflet in Braille, large print or audio please call, free of charge:

0800 198 5000 (UK Only)

Please be ready to give the following information:

Product name

Betnovate RD Ointment

Reference number

10949/0022

This is a service provided by the Royal National Institute of Blind People.

Leaflet date: October 2007

Betnovate is a registered trademark of the GlaxoSmithKline group of companies

© 2007 GlaxoSmithKline group of companies

10000000049769

Emtriva Solution

Pronunciation: EM-trye-SYE-ta-been
Generic Name: Emtricitabine
Brand Name: Emtriva

Emtriva Solution may cause a serious and sometimes fatal condition called lactic acidosis. The risk of lactic acidosis may be greater if you are a woman, are very overweight, or have liver problems. The risk may also be increased in patients who have taken certain HIV medicines for a prolonged period of time. Contact your doctor right away if you notice symptoms such as fast or difficult breathing; unusual muscle pain or tenderness; nausea or vomiting; sluggishness; fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat; unusual drowsiness, dizziness, or light-headedness; or unusual weakness or tiredness. Contact your doctor right away if you start to feel unusually cold or if you have a general feeling of being unwell.

Severe and sometimes fatal liver problems have been reported with this type of medicine (nucleoside analogs). Contact your doctor right away if you have dark urine; persistent loss of appetite; severe or persistent stomach pain or tenderness; or yellowing of the eyes or skin.

Emtriva Solution is not approved to treat chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Some patients with both HBV and HIV infection experience worsening of HBV infection after they stop taking Emtriva Solution. Your doctor will check your liver function while you take Emtriva Solution and for several months afterwards if you stop taking it. Be sure to keep all doctor and lab appointments. Do not stop taking Emtriva Solution without checking with your doctor. Your doctor may need to prescribe other medicine if you experience worsening of your HBV infection.

Emtriva Solution is used for:

Treating HIV infection. It must be used in combination with other HIV medicines. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

Emtriva Solution is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). It works by blocking the growth of HIV.

Do NOT use Emtriva Solution if:

• you are allergic to any ingredient in Emtriva Solution


• you are taking other medicines that contain emtricitabine or lamivudine

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Emtriva Solution:

Some medical conditions may interact with Emtriva Solution. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

• if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding


• if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement


• if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances


• if you have chronic hepatitis B, kidney problems, liver problems (eg, enlarged liver), or abnormal liver function test results, or if you are very overweight


• if you have a history of lactic acidosis

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Emtriva Solution. However, no specific interactions with Emtriva Solution are known at this time.

Ask your health care provider if Emtriva Solution may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Emtriva Solution:

Use Emtriva Solution as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• An extra patient leaflet is available with Emtriva Solution. Talk to your pharmacist if you have questions about this information.


• Take Emtriva Solution by mouth with or without food.


• Take Emtriva Solution at the same time each day to keep a constant amount of medicine in your body. Do not skip doses of Emtriva Solution.


• If you miss a dose of Emtriva Solution, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take more than 1 dose in a day. Do not take 2 doses at once. It is important not to miss doses of Emtriva Solution.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Emtriva Solution.

Important safety information:

• Emtriva Solution may cause dizziness. This effect may be worse if you take it with alcohol or certain medicines. Use Emtriva Solution with caution. Do not drive or perform other possibly unsafe tasks until you know how you react to it.


• Do NOT take more than the recommended dose without checking with your doctor. Exceeding the prescribed dose of Emtriva Solution may not provide additional benefits and may increase the risk of side effects.


• Changes in body fat (eg, an increased amount of fat in the upper back, neck, breast, and trunk, and loss of fat from the legs, arms, and face) may occur in some patients taking medicines for HIV. The cause and long-terms effects of these changes are unknown. Discuss any questions or concerns with your doctor.


• Emtriva Solution may improve immune system function. This may reveal hidden infections in some patients. Tell your doctor right away if you notice symptoms of infection (eg, fever, sore throat, weakness, cough, shortness of breath) after you start Emtriva Solution.


• When your medicine supply is low, get more from your doctor or pharmacist as soon as you can. Do not stop taking Emtriva Solution (or other HIV medicines), even for a short period of time. If you do, the virus may grow resistant to the medicine and become harder to treat.


• Emtriva Solution is not a cure for HIV infection. Patients may still get illnesses and infections associated with HIV. Remain under the care of your doctor.


• Emtriva Solution does not stop the spread of HIV to others through blood or sexual contact. Use barrier methods of birth control (eg, condoms) if you have HIV infection. Do not share needles, injection supplies, or items like toothbrushes or razors.


• Lab tests, including liver and kidney function, may be performed while you use Emtriva Solution. These tests may be used to monitor your condition or check for side effects. Be sure to keep all doctor and lab appointments.


• Emtriva Solution should be used with extreme caution in CHILDREN younger than 3 months old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.


• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Emtriva Solution while you are pregnant. Mothers infected with HIV should not breast-feed. There is a risk of passing the HIV infection or Emtriva Solution to the baby.

Possible side effects of Emtriva Solution:

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Abnormal dreams; change in color of skin on palms or soles of feet; cough; diarrhea; dizziness; headache; indigestion or stomach upset; joint or muscle pain; mild stomach pain; nausea; runny nose; sleeplessness; tiredness; vomiting; weakness or lack of energy.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); burning, numbness, or tingling; depression; fast or difficult breathing; fast, slow, or irregular heartbeat; feeling unusually cold; fever, chills, or sore throat; general feeling of being unwell; muscle pain or tenderness; severe or persistent cough; severe or persistent nausea or vomiting; severe or persistent stomach discomfort, pain, or tenderness; sluggishness; symptoms of liver problems (eg, dark urine, pale stools, persistent loss of appetite, yellowing of the eyes or skin); unusual drowsiness, dizziness, or light-headedness; unusual muscle pain or tenderness; unusual tiredness or weakness.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

See also: Emtriva side effects (in more detail)

If OVERDOSE is suspected:

Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately.

Proper storage of Emtriva Solution:

Store Emtriva Solution in the refrigerator, between 36 and 46 degrees F (2 and 8 degrees C). Do not freeze. Emtriva Solution may be stored at room temperature for up to 3 months. If stored at room temperature, discard any remaining medicine after 3 months. Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Emtriva Solution out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:

• If you have any questions about Emtriva Solution, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.


• Emtriva Solution is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.


• If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.


• Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Emtriva Solution. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

Issue Date: February 1, 2012

Database Edition 12.1.1.002

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

More Emtriva resources

• Emtriva Side Effects (in more detail)
• Emtriva Dosage
• Emtriva Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Drug Images
• Emtriva Drug Interactions
• Emtriva Support Group
• 0 Reviews for Emtriva - Add your own review/rating

Compare Emtriva with other medications

• HIV Infection
• Nonoccupational Exposure

Profenal

Generic Name: suprofen ophthalmic (SOO proe fin)

Brand Names: Profenal

What is Profenal (suprofen ophthalmic)?

Suprofen is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It reduces pain and inflammation in the eyes.

Suprofen ophthalmic is used to prevent pupil constriction (reduced pupil size) during eye surgery.

Suprofen ophthalmic may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.

What is the most important information I should know about Profenal (suprofen ophthalmic)?

Do not touch the dropper to any surface, including your eyes or hands. The dropper is sterile. If it becomes contaminated, it could cause an infection in your eye.

Apply light pressure to the inside corner of your eye (near your nose) after each drop to prevent the fluid from draining down your tear duct.

Who should not use Profenal (suprofen ophthalmic)?

Do not use suprofen ophthalmic if you have a herpes infection in your eye.

Before using suprofen ophthalmic, tell your doctor if you

• 
  

  have any type of bleeding or blood-clotting disease,

  
  


• 
  

  have recently had surgery, or

  
  


• 
  

  have stomach ulcers.

  
  

You may not be able to use suprofen ophthalmic, or you may require special monitoring during therapy if you have any of the conditions listed above.

Suprofen ophthalmic is in the FDA pregnancy category C. This means that it is not known whether suprofen ophthalmic will harm an unborn baby. Do not use this medication without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant. It is also not known whether suprofen ophthalmic passes into breast milk. Do not use suprofen ophthalmic without first talking to your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

How should I use Profenal (suprofen ophthalmic)?

Use suprofen eye drops exactly as directed by your doctor. If you do not understand these directions, ask your pharmacist, nurse, or doctor to explain them to you.

Wash your hands before using the eyedrops.

To apply the eye drops:

• 
  

  Tilt your head back slightly and pull down on your lower eyelid. Position the dropper above your eye. Look up and away from the dropper. Squeeze out a drop and close your eye. Apply gentle pressure to the inside corner of your eye (near your nose) for about 1 minute to prevent the liquid from draining down your tear duct. If you are using more than one drop in the same eye or drops in both eyes, repeat the process with about 5 minutes between drops.

  
  

Do not touch the dropper to any surface, including your eyes or hands. The dropper is sterile. If it becomes contaminated, it could cause an infection in your eye. Do not use any eyedrop that is discolored or has particles in it. Store suprofen ophthalmic at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the bottle properly capped.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Apply the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next regularly scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and apply the next one as directed. Do not use a double dose of this medication.

What happens if I overdose?

An overdose of this medication is unlikely to occur. If you do suspect an overdose, call an emergency room or poison control center near you. If the drops have been ingested, drink plenty of fluid and call an emergency center for advice.

What should I avoid while using Profenal (suprofen ophthalmic)?

Do not touch the dropper to any surface, including your eyes or hands. The dropper is sterile. If it becomes contaminated, it could cause an infection in your eye. Use caution when driving, operating machinery, or performing other hazardous activities. Suprofen ophthalmic may cause blurred vision. If you experience blurred vision, avoid these activities.

If you wear contact lenses, ask your doctor if you should wear them during treatment with suprofen ophthalmic. After applying the medication, wait at least 15 minutes before inserting contact lenses, unless otherwise directed by your doctor.

Do not use other eye drops or medications during treatment with suprofen ophthalmic unless otherwise directed by your doctor.

Profenal (suprofen ophthalmic) side effects

Serious side effects are not expected with this medication.

Some eye burning, stinging, irritation, itching, redness, or sensitivity to light may occur. Continue to use suprofen ophthalmic and talk to your doctor about any side effects that you experience.

What other drugs will affect Profenal (suprofen ophthalmic)?

Do not use other eye drops or medications-especially acetylcholine chloride (Miochol) and carbachol (Carboptic, Isopto Carbachol), during treatment with suprofen ophthalmic unless otherwise directed by your doctor. These drugs may decrease the effects of suprofen ophthalmic.

Drugs other than those listed here may also interact with suprofen ophthalmic. Talk to your doctor and pharmacist before taking any prescription or over-the-counter medicines.

More Profenal resources

• Profenal Side Effects (in more detail)
• Profenal Dosage
• Profenal Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Profenal Drug Interactions
• Profenal Support Group
• 0 Reviews for Profenal - Add your own review/rating

• Profenal Prescribing Information (FDA)

Compare Profenal with other medications

• Inhibition of Intraoperative Miosis

Where can I get more information?

• Your pharmacist has additional information about suprofen ophthalmic written for health professionals that you may read.

What does my medication look like?

Suprofen ophthalmic is available generically and under the brand name Profenal in an eyedrop formulation. Other brand or generic formulations may also be available. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about this medication, especially if it is new to you.

• 
  

  Profenal 1%

  
  

See also: Profenal side effects (in more detail)

PBZ-SR

Generic Name: tripelennamine (tri pel EH na meen)

Brand Names: PBZ, PBZ-SR

What is PBZ-SR (tripelennamine)?

Tripelennamine is an antihistamine. Tripelennamine blocks the effects of the naturally occurring chemical histamine in the body.

Tripelennamine is used to treat sneezing; runny nose; itching, watery eyes; hives; rashes; itching; and other symptoms of allergies and the common cold.

Tripelennamine may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.

What is the most important information I should know about PBZ-SR (tripelennamine)?

Use caution when driving, operating machinery, or performing other hazardous activities. Tripelennamine may cause dizziness or drowsiness. If you experience dizziness or drowsiness, avoid these activities. Use alcohol cautiously. Alcohol may increase drowsiness and dizziness while taking tripelennamine. Do not crush, chew, or break the sustained-release forms of tripelennamine. Swallow them whole. They are specially formulated to release slowly in the body.

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking PBZ-SR (tripelennamine)?

Do not take tripelennamine if you have taken a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) in the last 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur, leading to serious side effects.

Before taking this medication, tell your doctor if you have

• 
  

  glaucoma or increased pressure in the eye;

  
  


• 
  

  a stomach ulcer;

  
  


• 
  

  an enlarged prostate, bladder problems, or difficulty urinating;

  
  


• 
  

  an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism);

  
  


• 
  

  high blood pressure or any type of heart problem; or

  
  


• 
  

  asthma.

  
  

You may not be able to take tripelennamine, or you may require a dosage adjustment or special monitoring during treatment if you have any of the conditions listed above.

It is not known whether tripelennamine will be harmful to an unborn baby. Do not take tripelennamine without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant. Tripelennamine may be harmful to a nursing baby. Do not take tripelennamine without first talking to your doctor if you are breast-feeding. If you are over 60 years of age, you may be more likely to experience side effects from tripelennamine. You may require a lower dose of this medication.

How should I take PBZ-SR (tripelennamine)?

Take tripelennamine exactly as directed by your doctor. If you do not understand these directions, ask your pharmacist, nurse, or doctor to explain them to you.

Take each dose with a full glass of water. Tripelennamine can be taken with food to lessen stomach upset. Do not crush, chew, or break the sustained-release forms of tripelennamine. Swallow them whole. They are specially formulated to release slowly in the body.

To ensure that you get a correct dose, measure the elixir form of tripelennamine with a special dose-measuring spoon or cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist where you can get one.

Never take more of this medication than is prescribed for you. The regular-release tablets can be taken up to six times per day (every 4 hours) to a maximum of 600 mg for adults. The sustained-release tablets can be taken two or three times per day (every 8 to 12 hours) to a maximum of 300 mg for adults.

Store tripelennamine at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take only the next regularly scheduled dose. Do not take a double dose of this medication unless otherwise directed by your doctor.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention.

Symptoms of a tripelennamine overdose include extreme sleepiness, confusion, weakness, ringing in the ears, blurred vision, large pupils, dry mouth, flushing, fever, shaking, insomnia, hallucinations, and possibly seizures.

What should I avoid while taking PBZ-SR (tripelennamine)?

Use caution when driving, operating machinery, or performing other hazardous activities. Tripelennamine may cause dizziness or drowsiness. If you experience dizziness or drowsiness, avoid these activities. Use alcohol cautiously. Alcohol may increase drowsiness and dizziness while taking tripelennamine.

Tripelennamine may increase the effects of other drugs that cause drowsiness, including antidepressants, alcohol, antihistamines, pain relievers, anxiety medicines, seizure medicines, and muscle relaxants. Dangerous sedation, dizziness, or drowsiness may occur if tripelennamine is taken with any of these medications.

PBZ-SR (tripelennamine) side effects

Stop taking tripelennamine and seek emergency medical attention if you experience an allergic reaction (difficulty breathing; closing of the throat; swelling of the lips, tongue, or face; or hives).

Other, less serious side effects may be more likely to occur. Continue to take tripelennamine and talk to your doctor if you experience

• 
  

  sleepiness, fatigue, or dizziness;

  
  


• 
  

  headache;

  
  


• 
  

  dry mouth; or

  
  


• 
  

  difficulty urinating or an enlarged prostate.

  
  

Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

What other drugs will affect PBZ-SR (tripelennamine)?

Do not take tripelennamine if you have taken a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) in the last 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur, leading to serious side effects.

Tripelennamine may increase the effects of other drugs that cause drowsiness, including antidepressants, alcohol, antihistamines, pain relievers, anxiety medicines, seizure medicines, and muscle relaxants. Dangerous sedation, dizziness, or drowsiness may occur if tripelennamine is taken with any of these medications.

Drugs other than those listed here may also interact with tripelennamine. Talk to your doctor and pharmacist before taking any prescription or over-the-counter medicines, including herbal products.

More PBZ-SR resources

• Drug Images
• PBZ-SR Drug Interactions
• PBZ-SR Support Group
• 0 Reviews for PBZ-SR - Add your own review/rating

Compare PBZ-SR with other medications

• Conjunctivitis, Allergic
• Eye Dryness/Redness
• Eye Redness/Itching
• Hay Fever
• Rhinorrhea
• Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
• Urticaria

Where can I get more information?

• Your pharmacist has more information about tripelennamine written for health professionals that you may read.

Codeine Phosphate Syrup BPC 1973

1. Name Of The Medicinal Product

Codeine Phosphate Syrup BPC 1973

2. Qualitative And Quantitative Composition

Codeine Phosphate 25mg per 5ml

For excipients – see 6.1

3. Pharmaceutical Form

Oral Solution

A clear almost colourless syrupy liquid.

4. Clinical Particulars

4.1 Therapeutic Indications

1. For the relief of the symptoms of diarrhoea in adults and children over 12 years.

2. For the relief of mild to moderate pain in adults and children over 1 year.

Label states “For use as directed by the practitioner”.

4.2 Posology And Method Of Administration

Oral

Recommended doses:

1. For the relief of the symptoms of diarrhoea:

Adults and children over 12 years: One or two 5ml spoonfuls every 4 to 6 hours.

The elderly: Should be used with caution, doses as for adults may be given at the doctor's discretion.

Children under 12 years: Not recommended.

2. For the relief of mild to moderate pain:

Adults and children over 12 years: One or two 5ml spoonfuls to be taken every four hours but not more than eight 5ml spoonfuls in any 24 hours.

Elderly: Should be used with caution, doses as for adults may be given at the doctor's discretion.

Children aged 1 – 12 years: 3mg/kg daily in 4 – 6 divided doses.

Children under 1 year: Not recommended.

Label states “For use as directed by the practitioner”.

4.3 Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to codeine or to any of the other ingredients.

Contraindicated during an acute asthmatic attack, in cases of respiratory depression and liver disease.

Avoid use in children under 1 year.

In patients with raised intracranial pressure or head injury.

Contraindicated in patients at risk of paralytic ileus and in those with acute ulcerative colitis or antibiotic associated colitis.

Concurrent use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors or within 2 weeks discontinuation of their use.

Acute alcoholism

4.4 Special Warnings And Precautions For Use

Use with caution in patients with renal impairment and a history of asthma.

Prolonged use could aggravate irritable bowel syndrome.

Use with caution in the elderly as codeine may induce faecal impaction, producing incontinence, spurious diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and rarely, colonic obstruction.

Patients with rare hereditary problems of fructose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption or sucrase-isomaltase insufficiency should not take this medicine.

If symptoms persist consult your doctor

Use is seldom necessary for the treatment of diarrhoea in children, where fluid and electrolyte replacement in gastro-enteritis and the specific treatment of other diseases causing diarrhoea, is usually more appropriate.

It is potentially harmful if used to treat infective diarrhoeas as it may delay the passage of liquid faeces, encourage proliferation of pathogens and cause the severity of the diarrhoea to be underestimated.

Caution should be exercised in hepatic impairment (reduce dose).

Convulsive disorders

The risk-benefit of continued use should be assessed regularly by the prescriber.

The leaflet will state in a prominent position in the 'before taking' section:

• Do not take for longer than directed by your prescriber.

• Taking codeine regularly for a long time can lead to addition, which might cause you to feel restless and irritable when you stop the syrup.

• Taking a painkiller for headaches too often or for too long can make them worse

The label will state (To be displayed prominently on outer pack – not boxed):

• Do not take for longer than directed by your prescriber as taking codeine regularly for a long time can lead to addiction.

4.5 Interaction With Other Medicinal Products And Other Forms Of Interaction

Codeine phosphate causes antagonism of the effects of metoclopramide as they have opposing effects on gastro-intestinal activity.

Opioid analgesics can antagonise the gastrointestinal effects of domperidone.

May enhance the effects of alcohol and cause potentiation of the effects of hypnotics and anxiolytics.

Opioid analgesics may potentiate the depressant effects of anaesthetics, tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics.

May cause delayed absorption of flecainide and mexiletine.

CNS excitation and hypertension may occur when taken in conjunction with monoamine oxidase inhibitors – these effects can occur up to two weeks after stopping MAOI's.

4.6 Pregnancy And Lactation

Opioid administration near term may cause respiratory depression in the newborn.

The product should be avoided during pregnancy.

4.7 Effects On Ability To Drive And Use Machines

The use of codeine phosphate may cause sedation, dizziness and nausea, if affected do not drive or operate machinery.

4.8 Undesirable Effects

Use may result in tolerance and dependence, sedation, dizziness, nausea and constipation. Due to the histamine – releasing effect, reactions such as urticaria and pruritis occur in some individuals.

• Regular prolonged use of codeine/DHC is known to lead to addiction and tolerance. Symptoms of restlessness and irritability may result when treatment is then stopped.

• Prolonged use of a painkiller for headaches can make them worse.

4.9 Overdose

The effects in overdose will be potentiated by simultaneous ingestion of alcohol and psychotropic drugs.

Symptoms

Central nervous system depression, including respiratory depression, may develop but is unlikely to be severe unless other sedative agents have been co-ingested, including alcohol, or the overdose is very large. The pupils may be pin-point in size; nausea and vomiting are common. Hypotension and tachycardia are possible but unlikely.

Management

This should include general symptomatic and supportive measures including a clear airway and monitoring of vital signs until stable. Consider activated charcoal if an adult presents within one hour of ingestion of more than 350 mg or a child more than 5 mg/kg.

Give naloxone if coma or respiratory depression is present. Naloxone is a competitive antagonist and has a short half-life so large and repeated doses may be required in a seriously poisoned patient. Observe for at least four hours after ingestion.

5. Pharmacological Properties

5.1 Pharmacodynamic Properties

ATC Code – NO2A A59

Codeine phosphate is an opioid analgesic.

5.2 Pharmacokinetic Properties

Codeine phosphate is absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract, it is metabolised by 0- and N-demethylation in the liver to morphine and norcodeine.

Codeine and its metabolites are excreted almost entirely by the kidney, mainly as conjugates with glucuronic acid.

Ingestion of codeine phosphate produces peak plasma codeine concentration in about 1 hour. The plasma half-life has been reported to be between 2½ and 4 hours after ingestion.

5.3 Preclinical Safety Data

There are no preclinical data of relevance to the prescriber which are additional to that already included in other sections of the SPC.

6. Pharmaceutical Particulars

6.1 List Of Excipients

Purified Water

Chloroform

Ethanol (96%)

Syrup

6.2 Incompatibilities

None

6.3 Shelf Life

500ml : 24 months unopened.

2000ml: 24 months unopened.

6.4 Special Precautions For Storage

None.

6.5 Nature And Contents Of Container

500ml: Amber glass bottle with lined plastic cap.

2000ml: Amber glass bottle with lined plastic cap.

6.6 Special Precautions For Disposal And Other Handling

None.

7. Marketing Authorisation Holder

Thornton & Ross Ltd

Linthwaite Laboratories

Huddersfield

HD7 5QH

8. Marketing Authorisation Number(S)

PL 00240/6213R

9. Date Of First Authorisation/Renewal Of The Authorisation

12/05/82, 09/12/83

10. Date Of Revision Of The Text

31^st August 2007

11. DOSIMETRY (IF APPLICABLE)

Not applicable

12. INSTRUCTIONS FOR PREPARATION OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS (IF APPLICABLE)

Not applicable

Magtrate

Pronunciation: mag-NEE-zee-um GLOO-koe-nate
Generic Name: Magnesium Gluconate
Brand Name: Examples include Magonate and Magtrate

Magtrate is used for:

Treating low magnesium levels or maintaining the proper amount of magnesium in the body.

Magtrate is an essential mineral. It works by adding magnesium to your body if your magnesium levels are low.

Do NOT use Magtrate if:

• you are allergic to any ingredient in Magtrate

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Magtrate:

Some medical conditions may interact with Magtrate. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

• if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding


• if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement


• if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances


• if you have appendicitis, diarrhea, a blockage of your intestines, heart problems, or kidney problems

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Magtrate. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:

• Anticoagulants (eg, warfarin) because the risk of their side effects may be increased by Magtrate


• Bisphosphonates (eg, risedronate), penicillamine, quinolone antibiotics (eg, ciprofloxacin), or tetracyclines (eg, doxycycline) because their effectiveness may be decreased by Magtrate

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Magtrate may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Magtrate:

Use Magtrate as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Take Magtrate by mouth with food.


• If you miss a dose of Magtrate and are using it regularly, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Magtrate.

Important safety information:

• Lab tests, including magnesium levels, may be performed while you use Magtrate. These tests may be used to monitor your condition or check for side effects. Be sure to keep all doctor and lab appointments.


• Magtrate should be used with extreme caution in CHILDREN; safety and effectiveness in children have not been confirmed.


• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Magtrate while you are pregnant. It is not known if Magtrate is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Magtrate, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.

Possible side effects of Magtrate:

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Diarrhea.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); nausea; slow reflexes.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

See also: Magtrate side effects (in more detail)

If OVERDOSE is suspected:

Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include confusion; dizziness; flushing; loss of consciousness; muscle weakness; severe drowsiness; slow heartbeat.

Proper storage of Magtrate:

Store Magtrate at 77 degrees F (25 degrees C). Brief storage at temperatures between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C) is permitted. Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Magtrate out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:

• If you have any questions about Magtrate, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.


• Magtrate is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.


• If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.


• Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Magtrate. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

Issue Date: February 1, 2012

Database Edition 12.1.1.002

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

More Magtrate resources

• Magtrate Side Effects (in more detail)
• Magtrate Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Magtrate Drug Interactions
• Magtrate Support Group
• 0 Reviews for Magtrate - Add your own review/rating

• Magtrate Concise Consumer Information (Cerner Multum)


• Almora Advanced Consumer (Micromedex) - Includes Dosage Information

Compare Magtrate with other medications

• Dietary Supplementation
• Hypomagnesemia

Ascorbic Acid Solution

Pronunciation: ASS-kor-bik ASS-id
Generic Name: Ascorbic Acid
Brand Name: Cecon and Protexin

Ascorbic Acid Solution is used for:

Treating and preventing low levels of vitamin C. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

Ascorbic Acid Solution is a vitamin. It works by supplementing vitamin C, which is used in many functions in the body.

Do NOT use Ascorbic Acid Solution if:

• you are allergic to any ingredient in Ascorbic Acid Solution

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Ascorbic Acid Solution:

Some medical conditions may interact with Ascorbic Acid Solution. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

• if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding


• if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement


• if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances


• if you have diabetes, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, a high iron level in the blood, anemia (eg, sickle cell, sideroblastic, thalassemia), or kidney stones

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Ascorbic Acid Solution. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:

• Anticoagulants (eg, warfarin) because side effects may be increased by Ascorbic Acid Solution

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Ascorbic Acid Solution may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Ascorbic Acid Solution:

Use Ascorbic Acid Solution as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• Ascorbic Acid Solution may be taken with or without food.


• You may drop the dose of Ascorbic Acid Solution directly into your mouth or mix it with cereal, milk, or water.


• Take Ascorbic Acid Solution with a full glass of water (8 oz/240 mL). Do not lie down for 30 minutes after taking Ascorbic Acid Solution.


• Use a measuring device marked for medicine dosing. Ask your pharmacist for help if you are unsure of how to measure your dose.


• If you miss a dose of Ascorbic Acid Solution, take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Ascorbic Acid Solution.

Important safety information:

• Do not take large doses of vitamins (megadoses or megavitamin therapy) while taking Ascorbic Acid Solution unless directed to by your doctor.


• Ascorbic Acid Solution may cause incorrect results with some in-home cholesterol test kits. Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking Ascorbic Acid Solution and need to check your cholesterol at home.


• Diabetes patients - Ascorbic Acid Solution may cause incorrect test results with some urine glucose tests. Check with your doctor before you adjust the dose of your diabetes medicine or change your diet.


• Ascorbic Acid Solution may cause incorrect test results with kits used to check for blood in the stool. Check with your doctor if you are taking Ascorbic Acid Solution when using the test kit.


• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant while taking Ascorbic Acid Solution, discuss with your doctor the benefits and risks of using Ascorbic Acid Solution during pregnancy. Ascorbic Acid Solution is excreted in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you are using Ascorbic Acid Solution, check with your doctor or pharmacist to discuss the risks to your baby.

Possible side effects of Ascorbic Acid Solution:

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Diarrhea; nausea; upset stomach; vomiting.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); kidney stones (eg, abdominal pain/back pain, painful urination).

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

See also: Ascorbic Acid side effects (in more detail)

If OVERDOSE is suspected:

Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include gout.

Proper storage of Ascorbic Acid Solution:

Store Ascorbic Acid Solution at room temperature, between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Ascorbic Acid Solution out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:

• If you have any questions about Ascorbic Acid Solution, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.


• Ascorbic Acid Solution is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.


• If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.


• Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Ascorbic Acid Solution. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

Issue Date: February 1, 2012

Database Edition 12.1.1.002

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

More Ascorbic Acid resources

• Ascorbic Acid Side Effects (in more detail)
• Ascorbic Acid Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Ascorbic Acid Drug Interactions
• Ascorbic Acid Support Group
• 0 Reviews for Ascorbic Acid - Add your own review/rating

Compare Ascorbic Acid with other medications

• Dietary Supplementation
• Scurvy
• Urinary Acidification

Xylometazoline Spray

Pronunciation: ZYE-loe-me-TAZ-oh-leen
Generic Name: Xylometazoline
Brand Name: 4-Way Moisturizing Relief

Xylometazoline Spray is used for:

Relieving nasal congestion due to the common cold, hay fever, other upper respiratory tract allergies, or sinus infection. It also soothes nasal discomfort caused by dryness. It may also be used to treat other conditions as determined by your doctor.

Xylometazoline Spray is a decongestant. It works by shrinking swollen and congested nasal tissues (mucous membranes) by constricting blood vessels. This results in relief of congestion (stuffy feeling), improved drainage of mucus, and improved breathing through the nose. Local application (eg, nose drops and sprays) causes more intense and rapid vasoconstriction than oral medicines (eg, tablets, syrups).

Do NOT use Xylometazoline Spray if:

• you are allergic to any ingredient in Xylometazoline Spray

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.

Before using Xylometazoline Spray:

Some medical conditions may interact with Xylometazoline Spray. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:

• if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding


• if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement


• if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances


• if you have a history of high blood pressure, enlarged prostate or trouble urinating, diabetes, overactive thyroid, or heart disease

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Xylometazoline Spray. However, no specific interactions with Xylometazoline Spray are known at this time.

Ask your health care provider if Xylometazoline Spray may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.

How to use Xylometazoline Spray:

Use Xylometazoline Spray as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.

• To use a nose spray, gently blow your nose. Sit down and tilt your head back slightly. Place the tip of the spray container into the nose. Using a finger from your other hand, press against the opposite nostril to close it off. Breathe gently through the open nostril and squeeze the spray container. If you are using more than 1 spray, wait for 1 to 2 minutes between sprays. After using the medicine, rinse the tip of the spray unit in hot water and dry with a clean tissue to prevent contamination.


• If you miss a dose of Xylometazoline Spray and are using it regularly, use it as soon as possible. If it is much more than 1 hour since your missed dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not use 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Xylometazoline Spray.

Important safety information:

• Do not use Xylometazoline Spray for more than 3 days unless advised to do so by your health care provider. Frequent or long-term use of Xylometazoline Spray may cause nasal congestion to recur or worsen.


• Diabetes patients - Xylometazoline Spray may affect your blood sugar. Check blood sugar levels closely. Ask your doctor before you change the dose of your diabetes medicine.


• Xylometazoline Spray should not be used in CHILDREN younger than 12 years old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.


• PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Xylometazoline Spray while you are pregnant. It is not known if Xylometazoline Spray is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Xylometazoline Spray, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.

Possible side effects of Xylometazoline Spray:

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:

Increase in nasal discharge; temporary burning, stinging or sneezing.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); chest pain; fast or irregular heartbeat; nervousness; severe or persistent headache; tremor.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

See also: Xylometazoline side effects (in more detail)

If OVERDOSE is suspected:

Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately.

Proper storage of Xylometazoline Spray:

Store Xylometazoline Spray at room temperature, between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C) in a tightly closed container. Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Xylometazoline Spray out of the reach of children and away from pets.

General information:

• If you have any questions about Xylometazoline Spray, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.


• Xylometazoline Spray is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other due to increased risk of spreading infection.


• If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.


• Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Xylometazoline Spray. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

Issue Date: February 1, 2012

Database Edition 12.1.1.002

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

More Xylometazoline resources

• Xylometazoline Side Effects (in more detail)
• Xylometazoline Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Xylometazoline Drug Interactions
• Xylometazoline Support Group
• 4 Reviews for Xylometazoline - Add your own review/rating

Compare Xylometazoline with other medications

• Nasal Congestion

Polycitra-LC

Generic Name: citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate (SIT rik AS id, poe TASS ee um, and SOE dee um SIT rayt)

Brand Names: Cytra-3, Polycitra, Polycitra-LC, Tricitrates

What is Polycitra-LC (citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate)?

Citric acid and sodium citrate are alkalinizing agents that make the urine less acidic.

Potassium is a mineral that is found in many foods and is needed for several functions of your body, especially the beating of your heart.

The combination of citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate is used to prevent gout or kidney stones, or metabolic acidosis in people with kidney problems.

Citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.

What is the most important information I should know about Polycitra-LC (citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate)?

You should not use this medication if you have severe kidney disease, severe heart damage (such as from a prior heart attack), Addison's disease (an adrenal gland disorder), high levels of potassium or sodium in your blood, or if you are severely dehydrated.

You should not take citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate tablets if you have problems with your esophagus, stomach, or intestines that make it difficult for you to swallow or digest pills.

Before you take citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate, tell your doctor about all your medical conditions, especially kidney disease, heart disease, high blood pressure, a history of heart attack, urinary problems, diabetes, swelling (edema), urination problems, stomach ulcer or chronic diarrhea (such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease), or if you are on a low-salt diet.

Also tell your doctor about all other medications you use, including antacids, heart or blood pressure medications, or a diuretic (water pill).

To be sure this medication is helping your condition, your blood and urine may need to be tested often. Your heart rate may also be checked using an electrocardiograph or ECG (sometimes called an EKG) to measure electrical activity of the heart. Follow your doctor's instructions carefully and do not miss any scheduled appointments.

Serious side effects of citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate include numbness or tingly feeling, swelling or rapid weight gain, muscle twitching or cramps, fast or slow heart rate, confusion, or mood changes, bloody or tarry stools, severe stomach pain, ongoing diarrhea, or seizure (convulsions).

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking Polycitra-LC (citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate)?

You should not use this medication if you are allergic to it, or if you have:

• 
  

  severe kidney disease;

  
  


• 
  

  severe heart damage (such as from a prior heart attack);

  
  


• 
  

  Addison's disease (an adrenal gland disorder);

  
  


• 
  

  high levels of potassium in your blood (hyperkalemia);

  
  


• 
  

  high levels of sodium in your blood (hypernatremia); or

  
  


• 
  

  if you are severely dehydrated.

  
  

You should not take citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate tablets if you have problems with your esophagus, stomach, or intestines that make it difficult for you to swallow or digest pills.

If you have certain conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take this medication. Before you take citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate, tell your doctor if you have:

• kidney disease;


• 
  

  low levels of calcium in your blood (hypocalcemia);

  
  


• 
  

  congestive heart failure, heart rhythm problems, or history of heart attack;

  
  


• 
  

  other heart disease or high blood pressure;

  
  


• 
  

  diabetes;

  
  


• 
  

  a peptic ulcer in your stomach;

  
  


• 
  

  swelling of your hands or feet, or in your lungs (pulmonary edema);

  
  


• 
  

  toxemia of pregnancy;

  
  


• 
  

  urination problems (or if you are unable to urinate);

  
  


• 
  

  chronic diarrhea (such as irritable bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease); or

  
  


• 
  

  if you are on a low-salt diet.

  
  

It is not known whether this medication is harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment. It is not known whether this medication passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

How should I take Polycitra-LC (citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate)?

Take this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take it in larger amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label.

Citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate should be taken after meals to help prevent stomach or intestinal side effects. You may also need to take the medicine at bedtime. Follow your doctor's instructions.

Measure the liquid medicine with a special dose-measuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.

The liquid medicine should be mixed with at lease 4 ounces of water or juice. Drink this mixture slowly and then add a little more water to the same glass, swirl gently and drink right away. You may chill the mixed medicine to make it taste better, but do not allow it to freeze. Your treatment may include a special diet. It is very important to follow the diet plan created for you by your doctor or nutrition counselor. You should become very familiar with the list of foods you should eat or avoid to help control your condition.

To be sure this medication is helping your condition, your blood and urine may need to be tested often. Your heart rate may also be checked using an electrocardiograph or ECG (sometimes called an EKG) to measure electrical activity of the heart. Follow your doctor's instructions carefully and do not miss any scheduled appointments.

Do not stop taking this medication without first talking to your doctor. If you stop taking potassium suddenly, your condition may become worse. Store citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate at room temperature away from moisture, heat, or freezing. Keep the medication in a closed container.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If you are more than 2 hours late in taking your medicine, wait until your next scheduled time to take the medicine and skip the missed dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine.

Overdose symptoms may include muscle cramps or twitching, slow heart rate, and seizure (convulsions).

What should I avoid while taking Polycitra-LC (citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate)?

Avoid using antacids without your doctor's advice, including household baking soda (sodium bicarbonate). Antacids that contain aluminum or sodium can interact with citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate, causing a serious electrolyte imbalance or aluminum toxicity.

Avoid taking potassium supplements or using other foods or products that contain potassium without first asking your doctor. Salt substitutes or low-salt dietary products often contain potassium. If you take certain products together you may accidentally get too much potassium. Read the label of any other medicine you are using to see if it contains potassium.

Avoid eating foods that are high in salt, or using extra table salt on your meals.

It is very important to follow any diet plan created for you by your doctor or nutrition counselor. You should become very familiar with the list of foods you should eat or avoid to help control your condition.

Polycitra-LC (citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate) side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:

• 
  

  swelling, rapid weight gain;

  
  


• 
  

  numbness or tingly feeling in your hands or feet, or around your mouth;

  
  


• 
  

  muscle twitching or pain, leg pain or cramps;

  
  


• 
  

  fast, slow, or uneven heart rate;

  
  


• 
  

  unusual weakness, rapid and shallow breathing, dizziness, confusion, or mood changes;

  
  


• 
  

  feeling restless, nervous, or irritable;

  
  


• 
  

  black, bloody, or tarry stools;

  
  


• 
  

  coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds;

  
  


• 
  

  severe stomach pain, ongoing diarrhea or vomiting; or

  
  


• 
  

  seizure (convulsions).

  
  

Less serious side effects may include:

• 
  

  nausea, or vomiting, stomach pain;

  
  


• 
  

  mild or occasional diarrhea; or

  
  


• 
  

  mild stomach pain.

  
  

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effect. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

What other drugs will affect Polycitra-LC (citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate)?

The following drugs can interact with citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate. Tell your doctor if you are using any of these:

• 
  

  eplerenone (Inspra);

  
  


• 
  

  digoxin (digitalis, Lanoxin);

  
  


• 
  

  drospirenone (Angelique, Yasmin, Yaz);

  
  


• 
  

  lithium (Eskalith, LithoBid);

  
  


• 
  

  quinidine (Quinaglute, Quinidex, Quin-Release);

  
  


• 
  

  candesartan (Atacand), losartan (Cozaar, Hyzaar), valsartan (Diovan), or telmisartan (Micardis);

  
  


• 
  

  cold or allergy medicine (decongestants), diet pills, ADHD medication;

  
  


• 
  

  salicylates such as aspirin, Backache Relief Extra Strength, Novasal, Nuprin Backache Caplet, Doan's Pills Extra Strength, Tricosal, and others;

  
  


• 
  

  a vitamin, mineral supplement, or medication that contains potassium;

  
  


• 
  

  an ACE inhibitor such as benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), fosinopril (Monopril), enalapril (Vasotec), lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril), moexipril (Univasc), perindopril (Aceon), quinapril (Accupril), ramipril (Altace), or trandolapril (Mavik);

  
  


• 
  

  a diuretic (water pill) such as amiloride (Midamor), spironolactone (Aldactone, Aldactazide), or triamterene (Dyrenium); or

  
  


• 
  

  an antacid that contains aluminum or sodium, including Alka-Seltzer, Maalox, Mylanta, Di-Gel, Gelusil, Alamag Plus, Rulox Plus, Tempo, and others.

  
  

This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate. Tell your doctor about all your prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.

More Polycitra-LC resources

• Polycitra-LC Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
• Polycitra-LC Drug Interactions
• Polycitra-LC Support Group
• 0 Reviews for Polycitra-LC - Add your own review/rating

• Cytra-3 Solution MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)

Compare Polycitra-LC with other medications

• Metabolic Acidosis
• Urinary Alkalinization

Where can I get more information?

• Your pharmacist can provide more information about citric acid, potassium citrate, and sodium citrate.